Ilex aquifolium is an erect, dense, oblong to pyramidal, evergreen, slow-growing when young, with elliptic to ovate, glossy, spiny, wavy-margined, dark green leaves. Small, white flowers in spring are followed by bright red berries on female, pollinated plants. Grow in moist but well-drained, humus-rich soil in full sun. Tolerates partial shade.